Mongolia and China enjoy friendly and good-neighborly relations. Mongolia established diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China on October 16, 1949. Two sides established their respective embassies in Ulaanbaatar and Beijing in 1950. Mongolia and the People’s Republic of China are neighbouring states that share 4709.6 км long borderline.
The bilateral relations have witnessed a rapid and stable development in the last two decades thanks to concerted efforts exerted by both sides. ÂÂÂÂ A new era of an intensive cooperation began with renewal of the Treaty on Friendly Relations and Cooperation in 1994.
Political relations of the two countries are being strengthened with frequent exchanges of high-level visits and meetings of leaders, and collaboration between the parliaments and political parties on the regular basis.
Mongolia and China upgraded the level of its partnership from Strategic to the level of Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2014, according to which the two countries are committed to develop all-round cooperation. The Action Plan for Mid and Long-Term Development of Mongolia-China Strategic Partnership, which defined the basic principles and directions of the bilateral relations in the coming years, was signed during the official visit of the Prime Minister of Mongolia to China in October 2013. As a result of the state visit by H.E. Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China to Mongolia in August 2014, the two sides signed 26 agreements in trade, infrastructure, energy and financial cooperation.
The driving engine of the Mongolia-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership is trade and economic cooperation. China has been Mongolia’s largest trading partner and foreign investor over the last 15 years. In 2014, Mongolia’s trade with China accounted for 61.7% of Mongolia’s total foreign trade with total trade turnover of around USD 6.8 billion USD. Mongolia’s export to China accounted for almost 80% of the country’s total export and its import from China accounted for 30% of Mongolia’s total import.
In the period starting from 1990 to 2013 the volume of Chinese investments in Mongolia reached 3.8 billion USD, which accounts for 26.4% of total foreign direct investments in Mongolia.
Mongolia has been developing intensive cooperation with China in the mining, energy and infrastructure sectors. In particular, the two countries attach significant importance to expanding cooperation the fields of road and transportation. Mid-term program on trade and economic cooperation was adopted in 2008 and renewed in 2014. Meeting of Mongolia-China Intergovernmental commission on economic, trade, science and technical cooperation, has been held biannually since 1989.
The two sides solemnly celebrated the 65th Anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries by organizing commemorative events throughout the year in 2014, which was declared as a “Year of Friendly Exchanges between Mongolia and China”.
Bilateral cooperation in the education, culture and humanitarian fields has achieved stable progress. Documents such as “Cultural Exchange Program for 2014-2017”, “Agreement on cooperation in the field of science and technology in 2011-2015”, “Education Exchange Program for 2011-2016”, “Cooperation Program in the field of health in 2012-2016”, as well as “Memorandum of Understanding on safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage” are playing an important role for the further development of bilateral ties.
Annually, 200 Mongolian students study in China using the Chinese Government scholarship. In 2014, the Chinese side decided to provide 1000 Mongolian students with Central Government Scholarship within 5 years. The Chinese Cultural Center in Ulaanbaatar was established in 2011, and we are working to open Mongolia’s Cultural Center in Bejing. A stadium – built by Chinese aid and put into operation in 2010 – significantly improved the conditions and possibilities of organizing international competitions.
DEPARTMENT OF NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES
APRIL 15, 2015
Bilateral visits between Mongolia and the PRC
From Mongolian side:
- 1998 President N.Bagabandi
- 2004 President N.Bagabandi
- 2005 President N.Enkhbayar
- 2010 President Ts.Elbegdorj
- 1991 Vice President of Mongolia R.Gonchigdorj
- 1954 Chairman of the Presidium of the People’s Great Khural J.Sambuu
- 1960 Chairman of the People’s Great Khural B.Jargalsaikhan
- 1988 Chairman of the People’s Great Khural L.Renchin
- 1990 Chairman of the Presidium of the People’s Great Khural P.Ochirbat
- 1994 Chairman of the State Great Hural N.Bagabandi
- 2000 Chairman of the State Great Hural P.Gonchigdorj
- 2008 Chairman of the State Great Hural D.Demberel
- 2013 Chairman of the State Great Hural Z.Enkhbold / the Boao Forum/
- 2014 Chairman of the State Great Hural M.Enkhbold
- 2014 Chairman of the State Great Hural Z.Enkhbold
- 2009 Vice-Chairman of the State Great Hural G.Batkhuu
- 1952, 1959, 1962 Chairman of the Council of Ministers Yu.Tsedenbal
- 1992 Prime Minister D.Byambasuren
- 1996 Prime Minister P.Jasrai
- 1999 Prime Minister R.Amarjargal
- 2002 Prime Minister N.Enkhbayar
- 2006 Prime Minister M.Enkhbold
- 2009 Prime Minister S.Bayar
- 2011 Prime Minister S.Batbold
- 2013 Prime Minister N.Altankhuyag
- 2014 Minister, Head of Cabinet Secretariat of the Government of Mongolia Ch.Saikhanbileg
• 2011 First Deputy Prime Minister N.Altankhuyag
- 2014 Deputy Prime Minister D.Terbishdagva
- 1989 Minister of Foreign Affairs Ts. Gombosuren
- 1997 Minister of Foreign Affairs Sh.Altangerel
- 2000 Minister of Forign Affairs N.Tuya
- 2008 Minister of Foreign Affairs S.Oyun
- 2009 Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade S.Batbold
- 2012 Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade G.Zandanshatar
- 2014 Minister of Foreign Affairs L.Bold
- 2015 Minister for Foreign Affairs L.Purevsuren
From Chinese side:
- 1991 President Yang Shangkun
- 1999 President Jiang Zemin
- 2003 President Hu Jintao
- 2014 President Xi Jinping
- 1954, 1960 Premier of the State Council Zhou Enlai
- 1994 Premier of the State Council Li Peng
- 2010 Premier of the State Council Wen Jiaobao
• 2008 Vice President Xi Jinping
- 1997 Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee Qiao Shi
- 2013 Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee Wu Bangguo
- 2009 Vice Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee Sang Guowei
- 1997 Vice Premier of the State Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs Qian Qichen
- 2012 Member of the State Council Dai Bingguo
- 2013 Member of the State Council Yang Jiechi
- 2009 Member of the Politburo Standing Committee, the Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection He Guoqiang
• 2011 Member of the Politburo Standing Committee, the Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission Zhou Yongkang
- 2012 Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission, General Xu Caihou
- 1989 Minister of Foreign Affairs, Qian Qichen
- 2001 Minister of Foreign Affairs Tang Jiaxuan
- 2007 Minister of Foreign Affairs Yang Jiechi
- 2011 Minister of Foreign Affairs Yang Jiechi
2014 Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi